Journal: The FEBS journal

Article Title: Low doses of paclitaxel enhance liver metastasis of breast cancer cells in the mouse model.

doi: 10.1111/febs.13767

Figure Lengend Snippet: Fig. 3. Low-dose PTX transcriptionally upregulates the inflammatory molecules in MDA-231 cells. (A) Micro-array screening and clustering analysis of inflammatory molecule expression in MDA-231 cells. NC: negative control; P-24 and P-48: cells treated with low-dose PTX for 24 and 48 h, respectively. The results showed that inflammatory molecules were dramatically induced in response to low-dose PTX. (B) Low-dose PTX induced inflammatory responses in a wide range of cancer cells. Low-dose (5 ngmL1) or clinical-dose (100 ngmL1) PTX was used to treat breast (ZR75-1), lung (H1299, A549) and ovarian (SKOV3) cancer cells. The results showed that inflammatory factors and adhesion molecules were transcriptionally enhanced by low PTX. (C) Morphological observation (upper panel) and MTT quantification (lower panel) of low- and clinical-dose PTX-treated MDA-231 cells. Results revealed there was little influence of low-dose PTX on cell survival and growth. Scale bar: 200 lm. Imaging and MTT assay were performed 24 h after treatment. (D–F) Real-time PCR analysis in low-PTX-treated MDA-231 cells. Results showed that, compared with PTX-non-treated cells, the expressions of chemokines (IL8, CCL20, CXCL1), inflammatory cytokines (IL1B, TNF, IL6) and adhesion molecules (VCAM1 and ICAM1) were all obviously upregulated by low-dose PTX. All the quantitative data in (C– F) are means standard deviation from three independent repeats. One-way ANOVA was used for all the quantifications: *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001. CCL20, chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 20; CXCL1, chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 1; ICAM1, intercellular adhesion molecule 1; IL6, interleukin 6; IL8, interleukin 8; TNF, tumor necrosis factor; VCAM1, vascular cell adhesion molecule 1.

Article Snippet: The breast cancer cell lines MDA-MB-231 (named MDA-231 for short), ZR75-1 and 4T1, lung cancer cell lines H1299 and A549 and the ovarian cancer cell line SKOV3 were purchased from the American Type Culture Collection (Manassas, VA, USA) and cultured with RPMI1640 or Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium (DMEM) supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) and 1% penicillin/streptomycin in a humid incubator with 5% CO2.

Techniques: Microarray, Expressing, Negative Control, Imaging, MTT Assay, Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction, Standard Deviation

Journal: Oncotarget

Article Title: Glucose deprivation elicits phenotypic plasticity via ZEB1-mediated expression of NNMT

doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.15429

Figure Lengend Snippet: ( A ) qRT-PCR shows that mRNA expression of ZEB1 is consistently upregulated in all glucose-restricted sublines generated from OVCAR3, OVCAR4 and OAW28 cell lines. ( B ) NNMT expression correlates with the mesenchymal subtype of HGSC patients (M) as defined by the Cancer Genome Atlas and the C1 subtype of HGSC patients, characterized by the reactive stroma gene signature . ( C ) NNMT protein expression is consistently higher in mesenchymal-like ovarian cancer cell lines (low E-cadherin; high vimentin, ZEB1 or SLUG expression: KURAMOCHI, TYKNU, HEY, SKOV3, FUOV1) compared to epithelial-like cell lines (high E-cadherin; low vimentin, ZEB1 or SLUG expression: OVCAR3, OVCA433, OAW28, COV318). However, some epithelial-like cell lines, such as CAOV3, OV90 and OVCAR4, demonstrate relatively high NNMT levels. ( D ) NNMT mRNA expression positively correlates with elevated ZEB1 and Vim (vimentin) expression, and shows a tendency to negatively correlate with CDH1 (E-cadherin) expression in ovarian cancer cell lines. ( E ) Western blot analysis shows that parental OVCAR3 cells ectopically expressing ZEB1 undergo epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), as manifested by decreased expression of E-cadherin and increased expression of N-cadherin and vimentin. Overexpression of ZEB1, but not SLUG, induced NNMT protein expression. ( F ) qRT-PCR analysis shows that ZEB1 overexpression in OVCAR3 cells induces NNMT, MMP2, SPARC and decreases CLDN4 and CLDN7 expression, but has no effect on the SLC2A1 and G6PD expression. ( G ) Biolog Microarray studies shows that ectopic ZEB1 expression recapitulates metabolic adaptations observed in OVCAR3 glucose-restricted cells, such as increased utilization of sugars (D-galactose, dextrin, maltotriose, xylitol, D-fructose), ketones (D, L-β-hydroxy-butyric acid), D, L-lactic acid and methylated substrates (α-methyl-D-galactoside, α-methyl-D-glucoside, mono-methyl succinate) in the absence of glucose. Asterisks (*) denote substrates differentially utilized between control and transformed cells demonstrating statistical significance P < 0.05. For all figure panels, statistical calculations were performed using a two-tailed Student's t -test (* 0.001 < P < 0.05; ** P < 0.001).

Article Snippet: Human ovarian carcinoma cell lines CAOV3, OVCAR3, OV90 and SKOV3 were obtained from ATCC (Manassas, VA).

Techniques: Quantitative RT-PCR, Expressing, Generated, Western Blot, Over Expression, Microarray, Methylation, Control, Transformation Assay, Two Tailed Test

Journal: Cancers

Article Title: The Peptide-Drug Conjugate TH1902: A New Sortilin Receptor-Mediated Cancer Therapeutic against Ovarian and Endometrial Cancers

doi: 10.3390/cancers14081877

Figure Lengend Snippet: Expression of SORT1 in ovarian healthy and tumoral tissues. Immunohistochemical staining of SORT1 in tissue microarrays (TMAs) was used to measure the level of SORT1 expression in healthy tissues and in ovarian tumors. With the immunohistochemical (IHC) scoring system used, the level of expressed SORT1 ranged from 0 to a maximum of 12. ( A ) Representative SORT1 staining by IHC in ovarian healthy, primary and metastases biopsies. Nuclei are stained blue with hematoxylin. Arrows point to ovarian healthy epithelia. Black bars represent 50 µm. ( B ) IHC scores from healthy tissues ( n = 20), benign tumors ( n = 18), malignant tumors ( n = 45) and metastases ( n = 10). ( C ) RT-qPCR was used to quantify the transcript levels of SORT1 in healthy and cancerous ovarian tissues. The SORT1 transcript levels in tumor samples were segregated according to tumor grade and then compared to the values from healthy ovarian tissues. n = 8 for healthy and for Grade I tumor samples, n = 9 for Grade II, n = 17 for Grade III and n = 7 for Grade IV tumor samples. ( D ) The mean IHC scores for SORT1 is shown for healthy ovarian tissue ( n = 20), benign tumors ( n = 18), LGSC ( n = 21), HGSC ( n = 6), CCC ( n = 5), MC ( n = 3), EC ( n = 13), TCC ( n = 5) and GC and NE ( n = 20). All scatter plots include lines showing the means ± SEM, and where each point represents an individual tissue sample.

Article Snippet: The tissue microarrays (#NBP2-30170 for normal tissues, #NBP2-30290 for ovarian cancers and #NBP2-30330 for diverse cancers) were purchased from Novus Biologicals (Toronto, ON, Canada).

Techniques: Expressing, Immunohistochemical staining, Staining, Quantitative RT-PCR

Journal: Cancers

Article Title: The Peptide-Drug Conjugate TH1902: A New Sortilin Receptor-Mediated Cancer Therapeutic against Ovarian and Endometrial Cancers

doi: 10.3390/cancers14081877

Figure Lengend Snippet: Expression of SORT1 in endometrial healthy tissues and endometrial tumor biopsies. Immunohistochemical staining of SORT1 in tissue microarrays (TMAs) was used to measure the level of SORT1 expression in healthy tissues and in endometrial tumors. ( A ) Representative SORT1 staining by IHC in endometrial healthy tissue and endometrial tumor biopsies. Nuclei are stained blue with hematoxylin. Black bars represent 50 µm. ( B ) SORT1 IHC scores between healthy endometrial tissues ( n = 2) and endometrial cancerous tissues ( n = 12). Scatter plot include lines showing the means ± SEM, and where each point represents an individual tissue sample.

Article Snippet: The tissue microarrays (#NBP2-30170 for normal tissues, #NBP2-30290 for ovarian cancers and #NBP2-30330 for diverse cancers) were purchased from Novus Biologicals (Toronto, ON, Canada).

Techniques: Expressing, Immunohistochemical staining, Staining

Journal: Journal of Cancer

Article Title: Construction and validation of a comprehensive metabolism-associated prognostic model for predicting survival and immunotherapy benefits in ovarian cancer

doi: 10.7150/jca.100796

Figure Lengend Snippet: The comparison of levels of signature genes expression in tumor and normal controls. (A) Differences of expression levels of the four signature genes among the normal ovarian tissues and Ovarian cancer tissues (TCGA and GTEx database). (B) The relative mRNA levels of the four signature genes between normal ovarian cell lines and OV cell lines. (C) The prognostic value of a 4 sigurenaure gene for patients in TCGA has been confirmed through Kaplan-Meier analysis. (D) The immunohistochemical staining of tissue microarray shows 4 signature genes expressions on protein level between OV and normal control tissues.

Article Snippet: OV and normal ovarian tissue microarray (ZL-OVA961) were bought from ShangHai Zhuoli Biotech Company (China).

Techniques: Comparison, Expressing, Immunohistochemical staining, Staining, Microarray, Control